El cuño técnico de la cultura actual ha desordenado el marco tradicional en el cual la imagen podía persistir. El ojo ordenador y la representación contemplativa tradicional fracasan ante la velocidad vertiginosa con que nos inundan hoy las imágenes: el ojo ya no ve, sólo vibra. El autor propone una Estética del vértigo, cuyo propósito es volver a lograr un encuentro entre la concepción tradicional de las imágenes, lo cual significa hoy una defensa de la pintura, y la presencia evanescente (...) propia del vértigo técnico de las imágenes actuales. Esa Estética del vértigo aboga de nuevo por una facultad de juzgar rejlexionante, capaz de afrontar la finitud con sobriedad y pragmatismo. (shrink)

This study tested the direct effects of Dark Tetrad traits on organizational and interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors. We also examined the moderating effects of the three dimensions of organizational justice – distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice – on the Dark Tetrad-CWBs relationships. Based on the data from 613 employees across different occupations, the results revealed that only psychopathy and sadism had significant effects on CWBs targeted at the organization. The results also supported the direct effect of sadism on (...) interpersonal CWBs. The findings confirmed the moderating role of interactional justice but differentially, depending on the dark trait and the target of workplace deviance. Whereas low and medium levels of interactional justice moderated the relationship between Machiavellianism and CWBs directed to the organization, it did not play any role in narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism. Regarding CWBs aimed at other people, interactional justice emerged as a significant moderator in Machiavellianism and sadism. But, whereas sadistic employees performed more harmful behaviors toward other individuals whatever their level of interactional justice, if people high in Machiavellianism perceived a high fair interpersonal treatment, they did not show deviant behaviors directed at other employees. The paper concludes with some suggestions and recommendations about the relevance of organizational justice in the influence of dark personality traits on CWBs. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that affect the intention to use Big Data Applications in companies. Research into Big Data usage intention and adoption is scarce and much less from the perspective of the use of these techniques in companies. That is why this research focuses on analyzing the adoption of Big Data Applications by companies. Further to a review of the literature, it is proposed to use a UTAUT model as a starting model with (...) the update and incorporation of other variables such as resistance to use and perceived risk, and then to perform a neural network to predict this adoption. With respect to this non-parametric technique, we found that the multilayer perceptron model for the use of Big Data Applications in companies obtains higher AUC values, and a better confusion matrix. This paper is a pioneering study using this hybrid methodology on the intention to use Big Data Applications. The result of this research has important implications for the theory and practice of adopting Big Data Applications. (shrink)

RESUMEN Desde una visión ético-ontológica de la vida, esta posee una entidad propia. Una entidad que no dejaría de ser tal bajo un reconocimiento pleno de la entidad jurídica de todo lo vivo y sus capacidades de agencia, ya que ello implicaría no el flotar jerárquico-simbólico de una significación antropocéntrica sino el flotar discursivo de una significación biocéntrica mucho más amplia e igualitaria. En esa medida, el objetivo principal de este artículo estriba en relacionar de forma reflexiva y filosófica el (...) vasto y complejo universo de lo natural con las particularidades antropocéntricas, jerárquicas y excluyentes de la filosofía contractualista, centrada esta última, para los fines de este texto, en el problema de la legitimidad de la soberanía tanto en el inicio del Estado moderno en la conflictividad humana hobbesiana como en las relaciones geopolíticas de la actualidad. ABSTRACT From an ethical and ontological view of life, it is accepted that life has its own entity. An entity that does not cease to be such under a full recognition of the legal entity of all living things and their capabilities of agency, since that would imply not a hierarchical-symbolic float with an anthropocentric significance, but a discursive float with a biocentric significance; much more wide and egalitarian. To that extent, the main objective of this article is to relate in a reflective and philosophical way the vast and complex universe of the natural to the anthropocentric, hierarchical and exclusive features of the contractualism philosophy. For the purposes of this text, contractualism philosophy will be centered on the problem of the legitimacy of sovereignty at the beginning of the modern state with the Hobbesian human conflict and in today geopolitical relations. (shrink)

ResumenEl artículo reconstruye el análisis de Eugen Fink de la idea de mundo en la Crítica de la razón pura. La reconstrucción presenta dos ejes exegéticos y un tercero hermenéutico. El primero elucida por qué las antinomias de la dialéctica trascendental establecen por vía negativa la diferencia cosmológica. El segundo determina en qué medida la concepción del mundo como idea constituye el límite de la comprensión kantiana del mundo. El último interpreta el mundo desde la noción de acontecimiento-originante y muestra (...) nacimiento y muerte como los modos fundamentales en que el acontecer del mundo se inscribe en el sujeto. (shrink)

IntroductionRheumatologists are the primary healthcare professionals responsible for patients with rheumatic diseases and should acquire medical ethical competencies, such as the informed consent process. The objective clinical structured examination is a valuable tool for assessing clinical competencies. We report the performance of 90 rheumatologist trainees participating in a station designed to evaluate the ICP during the 2018 and 2019 national accreditations.MethodsThe station was validated and represented a medical encounter in which the rheumatologist informed a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus with (...) clinically active nephritis about renal biopsy. A trained patient–actor and an evaluator were instructed to assess ICP skills in obtaining formal informed consent, delivering bad news and overall communication with patients. The evaluator used a tailored checklist and form.ResultsCandidate performance varied with ICP content and was superior for potential benefit information but significantly reduced for potential complications and biopsy description. Only 17.8% of the candidates mentioned the legal perspective of ICP. Death was omitted by the majority of the candidates ; after the patient–actor challenged candidates, only 57.1% of them gave a clear and positive answer. Evaluators frequently rated candidate communications skills as superior, but ≥1 negative aspect was identified in 69% of the candidates.ConclusionsEthical competencies are mandatory for professional rheumatologists. It seems necessary to include an ethics competency framework in the curriculum throughout the rheumatology residency. (shrink)

The article analyzes three fundamental analogies in Søren Kierkegaard and Meister Eckhart’s Thought. First it examines Selvfornægtelse and Abgeschiedenheit as the ontological movement of self-detachment which leads to a transparency between human and divine will. It then elucidates obedience as the realization in the world of this transparency and understands it as propitiation and fulfillment of being in the world. Finally, the aims of the movements of obedience and detachment are interpreted as the consummation of the mystical union between God, (...) spirit, and world, conceived as the «identity of event» and attested in the phenomena of joy and peace. (shrink)

El artículo desarrolla una hermenéutica fenomenológica de las relaciones entre historia, sentido, existencia y eternidad en la filosofía de la historia de Jan Pato¹ka. Primero determina las nociones de sentido e historia. Luego explicita en qué medida la existencia humana constituye la condición de posibilidad de un sentido problemático y concurrente de la historia. Finalmente analiza la �existencia en la verdad� como resultado de una correlación entre existencia y eternidad y comprende la interpelación de la eternidad como origen del sentido.

El artículo estudia la noción de cuerpo propio y su relación con el mundo en el pensamiento de J. Patočka. Primero analiza la referencia al mundo de las características esenciales del cuerpo propio. Luego muestra en qué medida dicho cuerpo puede ser concebido como resultado del movimiento ontogénico, fenomenológico, regenerativo y teleológico de encarnación del mundo en el hombre. A continuación explicita el sentido último de la existencia corporal humana como movimiento ético de desencarnación del hombre para el mundo. Finalmente (...) interpreta ambos movimientos de encarnación y desencarnación como testimonio de la acción de lo divino en el universo. (shrink)

The article first analyzes the metalogical concept of the world in Franz Rosenzweig's The Star of Redemption as a cosmological concept that does not consider the cormological difference nor the ontogenetic movement immanent to the world. Second, it shows the extent in which the category of Creation preserves the cosmological concept of the world, but deprives it from the capacity of originating its contents. It then analyzes the displacement of the meaning of the world from a cosmological to an anthropological (...) and metaphysical meaning as regards Redemption. Finally, the article specifies the epistemological status of Rosenzweig's discourse in the realms of Creation and Redemption. (shrink)

Resumen El artículo problematiza el concepto de instante en la obra temprana de M. Heidegger, particularmente Ser y tiempo. La problematización se propone, en primer lugar, mostrar en qué medida no es el instante como mirada quien abre la situación, sino la situación, como espacio de concernencia, quien posibilita el instante. En segundo, elucida el instante como un fenómeno responsivo y lo vincula a un acontecimiento repentino, decisivo y alterador que configura la situación a la que responde. En tercero, muestra (...) cómo el instante repercute en la eclosión de la situación. Finalmente, determina el carácter esencialmente espacio-temporal del fenómeno. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por objectivo explicitar pela via hermenêutica as convergências fundamentais entre a filosofia teórica de Kant e o pensamento levinasiano. O autor começa por mostrar em que medida em ambos os casos a metafísica é concebível como Desejo do Infinito. Em segundo lugar, determinase também a prioridade do Infinito e da Metafísica sobre a totalidade e a ontologia de Kant. Finalmente, explicitase em que medida a razão em Kant cumpre a inversão da intencionalidade que converte a metafísica (...) em resposta à interpelação de um Outro indeterminável. (shrink)

Primero el artículo analiza críticamente la interpretación de la filosofía levinasiana como un palimpsesto que trascribe al lenguaje del logos la experiencia religiosa judía. Luego muestra cómo el ideal descriptivo y las nociones fenomenológicas de intencionalidad, sensibilidad y subjetividad constituyen el punto de partida y la inspiración filosófica originaria de Levinas. Finalmente precisa en qué sentido aquellos rasgos del pensamiento levinasiano que trascienden la fenomenología son conciliables con el presupuesto fundamental de la fenomenología misma.

Primeramente, el artículo explicite las tres convergencias fundamentales entre la concepción kantiana y la levinasiana de la religión. La primera convergencia se refiere al acceso fenomenológico a la religión común a Kant y a Levinas. La segunda al hecho de que para ambos la modalidad concreta de la religión es ética. La tercera alude a un mismo modo de comprender el Reino y el acercamiento a él como "sentido último" del fenómeno religioso. En segundo lugar, el estudio señala cómo las (...) tres convergencias son posibles porque ambos pensadores suponen un tiempo otro que se cruza (diocronía) con el tiempo fenoménico. (shrink)

El artículo analiza el juego como símbolo del mundo en el pensamiento de Eugen Fink. Primero determina el concepto de juego como símbolo y modelo operativo para acceder al sentido cosmológico del mundo. Luego, explicita la correlación entre mundo del juego y juego del mundo como fundamento del carácter simbólico del juego. Posteriormente, explicita los rasgos del fenómeno del juego que aluden al significado cosmológico del mundo. Finalmente, elucida la dimensión religiosa del juego como fenómeno que revincula al hombre con (...) el imperar del mundo a partir de las nociones de conmoción ante lo divino y alegría de poder ser. (shrink)

ABSTRACT The article reconstructs the cosmological notion of world and the theory of the three movements of human existence in Patočka’s thought. The reconstruction explains the essential unity between world and existence. It grounds this unity, firstly, on the structural features which are common both to the movement of the world and the third movement that consummates existence, and, secondly, on the fact that this consummated existence signifies, in an analogous manner, the cosmic significance of heaven and earth. Finally, as (...) a problem in Patočka’s phenomenology, it shows the absence of a cosmological ethics that should consider not only the movement of realization of life, but also the movement of derealization that the cosmos is. (shrink)

Knowledge of diverse sexual motivations can have profound implications for our comprehension of the causes, correlations, and consequences of sexual behavior. This study had two objectives: on the one hand, to determine the different motives why young Spanish university students have sex and their relationship with different sociodemographic and psychosexual variables and sexual behavior; on the other hand, to review and improve the psychometric properties of the Sexual Motivations Scale and validate it in Spanish. Participants were 805 university students of (...) both sexes, aged between 18 and 26 years, who completed a battery of online questionnaires. Significant associations were found between young people's sexual motives, especially the motives of coping, peer pressure, and enhancement, the sociodemographic variables, sexual behavior, and psychosexual variables. Also, a new structure of the Sexual Motivations Scale was proposed, with the elimination of the factor of Self-Affirmation. The discussion highlights the relevance of the results obtained due to their implications in the promotion of sexual health, in addition to achieving the first instrument validated in Spanish for the evaluation of sexual motivations. (shrink)

El artículo realiza un análisis fenomenológico de la melancolía a partir del pensamiento de S. Kierkegaard. Distingue una figura estética, una religiosa y una metafísica del fenómeno y elucida el significado de cada una y el vínculo existente entre todas ellas. Además analiza en cada figura la experiencia de la ausencia del ser como sentido y del tiempo como presente como esencia de la melancolía. Finalmente determina en qué medida la fe representa una “cura” de la melancolía, pero en qué (...) medida también la irreductibilidad metafísica del fenómeno implica la incerteza de lo absoluto y la ambigüedad de la fe. (shrink)

Industrial development in recent decades has led to using information and communication technologies to support personnel selection processes. One of the most notable examples is game-related assessments, supposedly as accurate as conventional tests but which generate better applicant reactions and reduce the likelihood of adverse impact and faking. However, such claims still lack scientific support. Given practitioners’ increasing use of GRA, this article reviews the scientific literature on gamification applied to personnel selection to determine whether the current state of the (...) art supports their use in professional practice and identify specific aspects on which future research should focus. Following the PRISMA model, a search was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, identifying 34 valid articles, of which 85.3% are empirical studies that analyze five areas: validity; applicant reactions; design of GRA; personal characteristics and GRA; and adverse impact and faking. Together, these studies show that GRA can be used in personnel selection but that the supposed advantages of GRA over conventional tests are fewer than imagined. The results also suggest several aspects on which research should focus, which could help define the situations in which the use of GRA may be recommended. (shrink)

In this article, an attempt was made to identify the level of community social participation according to age, gender and the structural characteristics of the personal support networks in a population displaced by floods in the Colombian Caribbean. The research was based in a non-experimental methodology with an associative-relational strategy. An intentional non-probabilistic sample of 151 people affected by the winter wave in the south of the Department of Atlántico (Colombia) was selected. In total, the study included 42 males (27.8 (...) %) and 109 females (72.2 %) participants, with an average age of 37.48 (±14, Range 18 - 80) and average relocation time of 21.79 months (± 8.22, Range 5-36). The Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule (ASSIS) and Community Empowerment instruments were responded to with an instrument adapted from the leadership competence factor. The results show lower rates of intermediation in the older population, and the relationship between social participation and gender shows equally cohesive social support networks in men and women. This evidence is discussed to promote psychosocial interventions aimed to increase community engagement and empowerment of people that have experienced non-voluntary mobility processes. (shrink)

El artículo analiza desde una perspectiva fenomenológica y hermenéutica el modo originario de donación del mundo y el origen del mundo en el pensamiento de Jan Patočka posterior a 1965. Primero muestra en qué sentido tanto la donación del mundo como horizonte, cuanto los movimientos de la existencia humana, implican un vínculo esencial entre el modo originario de darse del mundo y la noción de infinito, concebido como lo indefinido e inagotable. Finalmente explicita por qué el vínculo del mundo con (...) lo infinito reposa sobre un impulso creativo divino que constituye el fundamento cosmológico de la religiosidad humana. (shrink)